第二节 比较级

英文中形容词在进行比较时需变为比较级，主要有两种形式：

在词尾加-er (单音节形容词)，如：fast-faster, large-larger, busy-busier, big-bigger等；

或在词前加more (多音节形容词)，如：more useful, more complex等

少数词比较级形式特殊，如：good(well)-better, bad(ill)-worse, many(much)-more, little-less, far-farther(更远的)/further(更进一步的)，

考点一 含有标志词than

1．最常见的比较级句式是由连词than引导比较的对象，

如：It takes less time to go there by air than by train.

She possesses more books than I do.

He is more intelligent than I expected.

than可视为比较级的标志词，在填空题中，

空后含有than的， 通常空格处需要填比较级，

空格前含有比较级的，通常空格处需要填than引导的从句。

例题：

(1)

Maine has ---- weather than most of the other states in the continental United States.

(A) coolest

(B) the coolest

(C) cooler

(D) the cooler

答案：A

解释：标志词than意味着应用比较级，A, B可先排除；D多the; 只有A正确

(2)

Pennsylvania has the most institutions of higher learning than any other state has.

应改为：more

解释：标志词than表明此句应用比较级，而不是最高级

2．为避免重复，than之后的从句中有些成分可以省略，只把相比的部分突出出来:

情况1: 用指示代词that, those来代替省略的部分,

如：The population of China is much larger than that of Great Britain.

(that 指代the population)

His designs won more acclaim than those of his fellow colleagues.

(those 指代 designs)

情况2: 在省略的过程中，若than之后从句的谓语部分相同, 比较的是主语部分, 那么谓语部分通常用助动词do来代替, 并且习惯上将从句主语和助动词倒装 (do + 主语)

如：The actors usually capture greater attention than do the playwrights who may

probably contribute more to the success of a play.

例题：

Mammals have a larger, more well-developed brain ---- other animals.

(A) than do

(B) that are having

(C) which have

(D) that do

答案：A

解释：空格前出现了形容词比较级，空格后是比较对象，应由than连接，选项中只有A符合条件，其中由助动词do引起了一个小倒装

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