第三节 冠词作限定词

冠词是一个虚词，本身不能够独立使用， 必须和一个名词连用。TOEFL出题主要集中在a和an的区别，那些地方要加the那些地方不加。

考点一 不定冠词a / an

不定冠词a和an后面当然接单数，a和an 的主要区别是:

a 用于以辅音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: a tower, a university

an用于以元音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: an orange, an hour

不定冠词a / an与可数名词单数连用, 表示泛指 “一个”、 “某一个”, 有时还可代表一类人或事物. 在作表语或同位语的可数名词单数前一般都要加不定冠词(除非名词前已有物主代词作限定语, 如my pen).

例题:

(1)

How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever been discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it.

应改为: puzzle.

解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, puzzling是分词, 不能单独与a 连用, 故改为名词puzzle

(2)

Whether a healthy adult tends to feel hungry two, three, or four times a daily is a question of physiology and of culture.

应改为: day

解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, 而daily是形容词, 不能单独与a连用, 故改为 名词day

(3)

Pewter, a metal with an ancient heritage, is still practical medium for the nonprofessional metal worker.

应改为: still a practical

解释: medium是可数名词, 在句中作表语, 其单数之前应该用不定冠词

a, an的误用是TOEFL常见的改错题型

例题:

(1)

A emotion is not necessarily aroused by something in the outside world.

应改为: An emotion

解释: emotion是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an

(2)

If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine chemically with other atoms.

应改为: an atom

解释: atom是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an

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